FINAL REPORT OF THE WORK DONE ON THE PROJECT
1. NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR :
DR. PRAKASH R KAKDE
2. NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE INSTITUTION:
BHALERAO SCIENCE COLLEGE, SAONER
3. UGC APPROVAL NO.AND DATE: 47-763/09(WRO) DATED 13.08.09
4. DATE OF IMPLEMENTATION: 06.12.09
5. TENURE OF THE PROJECT: 06.12.09 TO 29.04.2012
6. TOTAL GRANTS ALLOCATED: Rs. 1,60,000
7. TOTAL GRANTS RECEIVED: Rs. 1.35,000
8. FINAL EXPENDITURE: Rs. 1,58,434
9. TITLE OF THE PROJECT: “Studies on Synthesis, Characterization and Properties of some Conducting Polymers and its Nano Composites”
10. OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT: To synthesize new conducting polymers with
improved properties such as solubility and processible from common solvents, transport conductors etc.
11. WHETHER OBJECTIVES WERE ACHIEVED: Yes
12. ACHIEVEMENTS FROM THE PROJECT: Research paper published
13. SUMMARY OF THE FINDING: The polymers are materials consisting of large molecules of micro size. The large molecules is built up by repetition of small simple chemical units therefore they are known a long chain compounds or macro molecule. Generally organic polymers are the insulators having electrical conductivity of the order of 10-5 ohm-1cm-1. The high insulation is due to large atomic separation within the macro molecule as compare to metal having conductivity of the order of 10 to 105 ohm-1cm-1 .
In recent year because of need of electrostatic charge dissipation, electromagnetic disturbances etc., new polymers with high electrical conductivity, thermal stability, easy processing, greater work ability have been successfully prepared and tested.
Different methods were employed for synthesis and preparation of conducting polymers and their metal nano composites which are reported. In this study polyaniline was prepared in aqueous and aqueous - non aqueous media by using different oxidizing agents.
During the 1st year of the tenure of the project, survey of literature, purchasing of suitable chemical glassware and basic equipment for sysnthesis and preparation of polymer sample collected. Few polymers and its metal nano composites were prepared.
In the 2nd year of the project tenure, the characterisation of all the prepared sample were carried out at different laboratories such as IIT Bombay as place of our research is a college laboratories
In present work polymer is prepared by chemical oxidation or reduction method using different oxidizing agent such as ferric chloride, ammonium persulphate, KIO3 in aqueous and non aqueous medium using metal salts like PbS, CdS, CoCl2, FeSO4.
In a typical experiment the polymerization of monomer aniline was initiated by the drop-wise addition of the oxidising agent in sulphuric acid solution prepared by doubly distilled water under constant stirring at 0 - 4OC. The monomer to oxidizing agent ratio was kept at 1:1. After complete addition of the oxidizing agent the reaction mixture was kept under constant stirring for 24 hours, color changes from blue - green dark - deep blue. Precipitated polymer was filtered and washed several times with distilled water and methanol to remove oligomers and impurities until the filtrate was colorless. Finally the polymer was dried in an oven at 600C for 24 hours.
The polyaniline nanoparticles were characterized in terms of their morphology, particle size, d.c. Electrical conductivity & chemical structure. The samples have been analysed by XRD, IR, UV -Visible spectroscopy, TEM and FTIR. Crystalline, amorphous nature and particle size calculated from broad peaks in the absorption spectra confirmed the formation of nanoparticles. At room temperature & with variation of temperature, d.c. Conductivity of the samples were measured by the four probe method. Dry powdered samples were made into pellets using a steel die in a hydraulic press under a pressure of 5 ton/cm2. The change in resistance was recorded with increase in the temperature. The conductivity values were calculated directly from the measured resistance and sample dimensions.
The result indicates that the morphology, electrical conductivity and particle size are dependent on the type of solution.It has been found that factors such as solvents, reaction temperature, time, nature of oxidising agents affect the oxidation potential of the solution. It is interesting that the d.c. Electrical conductivity of polyaniline nanoparticles increased by using glycol as solution.The type of solution influences the conversion of monomer to polymer, electrical conductivity and particle size, because the polarity of solution affects the rate of polymerization and electrical conductivity of product. By comparison between ethylene glycol and other solvents solution electrical conductivity increases using ethylene glycol as solution. The conductivity of these polymers can be enhanced by adding either sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid. The powder form of the polymer sample obtain can be prepared for further investigation.
Some of the prepared polyaniline metal nanocomposites shows the adsorption properties which are may be useful in the removal of heavy metals in the water.
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
Dr. P. R. Kakde,
Department of Chemistry, Bhalerao Science College, Saoner
47-763/09 (WRO) on dated 13.08.09